Gusana no Kwita ku Majenereta ya Mazutu yihutirwa

Ihame ry'ingenzi ku byihutirwaamamashini akoresha mazutuni “gukomeza ingabo iminsi igihumbi kugira ngo ziyikoreshe isaha imwe.” Gukomeza kubungabunga buri gihe ni ingenzi kandi bigena neza niba igikoresho gishobora gutangira vuba, neza, no gutwara imizigo mu gihe cy’ibura ry’amashanyarazi.

Hasi hari gahunda y'ibikorwa byo kubungabunga buri munsi ihamye kandi ijyanye n'uburyo bwo kubikoresha no kubishyira mu bikorwa.

I. Filozofiya yo kubungabunga ingenzi

• Ubwa mbere: Gutunganya buri gihe kugira ngo hirindwe ibibazo, hirindwa gukorana n'ibibazo bisanzwe.
• Inyandiko zishobora gukurikizwa: Kubika dosiye zirambuye z'ububiko bw'ibikoresho, harimo amatariki, ibintu, ibice byasimbuwe, ibibazo byabonetse, n'ingamba zafashwe.
• Abakozi biyeguriye: Gushyiraho abakozi bahuguwe kugira ngo bashinzwe kubungabunga no gukoresha neza buri munsi ishami.

II. Gutunganya buri munsi/buri cyumweru

Izi ni igenzura ry'ibanze rikorwa mu gihe igikoresho kidakora.

1. Igenzura ry'amaso: Reba neza niba hari ibizinga by'amavuta, amazi yamenetse, n'umukungugu muri icyo gikoresho. Menya neza ko gisukuye kugira ngo umenye amazi yamenetse vuba.
2. Igenzura ry'urwego rw'ibikoresho bikonjesha: Iyo sisitemu yo gukonjesha ikonjesha, reba neza ko urwego rw'ikigega cyo kwagura kiri hagati y'ibimenyetso bya "MAX" na "MIN". Shyiramo ubwoko bumwe bw'ibikoresho bikonjesha birwanya gukonjesha niba ari bike.
3. Igenzura ry'urwego rw'amavuta ya moteri: Kuramo agakoresho ko kwisiga, uhanagure neza, wongere ushyiremo neza, hanyuma wongere ukuremo kugira ngo urebe niba urugero ruri hagati y'ibimenyetso. Reba ibara ry'amavuta n'ubukana bwayo; hita uyisimbuza iyo isa n'iyangiritse, yangiritse, cyangwa ifite utuntu tw'icyuma twinshi.
4. Igenzura ry'urwego rw'ikigega cya lisansi: Menya neza ko hari lisansi ihagije, ihagije nibura mu gihe cyihutirwa giteganyijwe. Reba niba lisansi yamenetse.
5. Igenzura rya batiri: Igenzura ry’ihumeka n’ibidukikije: Menya neza ko icyumba cy’umukanishi gifite umwuka mwiza, nta kajagari karimo, kandi ko ibikoresho byo kuzimya inkongi biri mu mwanya wabyo.
   • Kugenzura Voltage: Koresha multimeter kugira ngo urebe voltage ya bateri. Igomba kuba hagati ya 12.6V na 13.2V (kuri sisitemu ya 12V) cyangwa 25.2V na 26.4V (kuri sisitemu ya 24V).
   • Igenzura rya Terminal: Menya neza ko terminal zifunze neza kandi nta ngeso cyangwa uburyaryate. Sukura ingeso iyo ari yo yose y'umweru/icyatsi kibisi ukoresheje amazi ashyushye hanyuma ushyireho peteroli jelly cyangwa amavuta yo kurwanya ingese.
     

III. Gutunganya no Gupima buri kwezi

Kora nibura buri kwezi, kandi ugomba kuba urimo ikizamini cyuzuye.

1. Gukoresha ikizamini kidasaba umutwaro: Tangira igikoresho hanyuma ukireke kigende iminota 10-15.
   • Tega amatwi: Kugira ngo moteri ikore neza nta gukomanga kudasanzwe cyangwa amajwi agoye.
   • Reba: Reba ibara ry'umwotsi usohoka (rigomba kuba ibara ryoroheje ry'umukara). Reba neza ko ibipimo byose (umuvuduko w'amavuta, ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho bikonjesha, voltage, frequency) biri mu rugero rusanzwe.
   • Igenzura: Reba niba hari aho amazi yamenetse (amavuta, amazi, umwuka) mu gihe cyo kubagwa na nyuma yaho.
2. Igeragezwa ry’umutwaro ryakozwe mu buryo bwa simulation (Ni ngombwa cyane!):
   • Intego: Ituma moteri igera ku bushyuhe busanzwe, igatwika carbon deposits, igasiga amavuta ibice byose, kandi ikagenzura ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutwara imizigo.
   • Uburyo: Koresha ikigega cy'umutwaro cyangwa uhuze n'imizigo isanzwe itari iy'ingenzi. Shyira umutwaro wa 30%-50% cyangwa irenga by'ingufu zagenwe byibuze mu gihe cy'iminota 30. Ibi bipima imikorere y'igikoresho mu by'ukuri.
3. Ibintu byo kubungabunga:
   • Akayunguruzo k'umwuka gasukuye: Niba ukoresha ikintu cyumye, kikureho hanyuma usukure uhuha umwuka ufunze uturutse imbere ugana inyuma (koresha igitutu kiringaniye). Simbuza kenshi cyangwa uhindure ahantu hari ivumbi.
   • Reba Electrolyte ya Bateri (ku bijyanye na bateri zidakoreshwa): Ahantu hangana hagomba kuba kuri mm 10-15 hejuru y'amasahani. Shyiramo amazi yaciwe niba ari make.

IV. Kubungabunga buri gihembwe / igice cy'umwaka (Buri masaha 250-500 y'akazi)

Kora isuku yimbitse buri mezi atandatu cyangwa nyuma y'amasaha runaka y'akazi, ukurikije inshuro ikoreshwa n'aho iherereye.

1. Hindura amavuta ya moteri n'akayunguruzo k'amavuta: Imwe mu nshingano z'ingenzi cyane. Hindura amavuta niba amaze umwaka urenga akoreshwa, nubwo amasaha yo gukora yaba ari make.
2. Hindura akayunguruzo ka lisansi: Birinda kuziba kw'ibikoresho bitera injectors kandi bikanatuma sisitemu ya lisansi isuku.
3. Simbuza akayunguruzo k'umwuka: Simbuza ukurikije urugero rw'umukungugu ukomoka ku bidukikije. Ntugakoreshe cyane kugira ngo uzigame ikiguzi, kuko bituma ingufu za moteri zigabanuka kandi lisansi ikoreshwa cyane.
4. Reba aho icyuma gikonjesha giherereye: Reba aho icyuma gikonjesha giherereye n'urugero rwa PH. Simbuza nibiba ngombwa.
5. Genzura imikandara yo gutwara: Genzura uko umukandara w'umufana umeze n'uko umeze niba nta mivuniko. Hindura cyangwa usimbuze uko bikenewe.
6. Reba uburyo bwose bwo gufunga: Reba uburyo amaboliti afatanye na moteri, imiyoboro, nibindi.

V. Gusana buri mwaka (Cyangwa buri masaha 500-1000 y'akazi)

Kora igenzura ryuzuye kandi rikorwa mu buryo bunoze kandi bunoze, byaba byiza ukoresheje umuhanga mu bya tekiniki.

1. Sisitemu yo Gukonjesha Isukura: Simbuza icyuma gikonjesha hanyuma usukure ubuso bwo hanze bwa radiator kugira ngo ukureho udukoko n'umukungugu, bityo ubushyuhe bugashira neza.
2. Suzuma kandi usukure ikigega cya lisansi: Kuramo amazi n'ibisigazwa byuzuye munsi y'ikigega cya lisansi.
3. Suzuma Sisitemu y'amashanyarazi: Reba insinga n'ubushyuhe bwa moteri itangira, alternator ikoresha amashanyarazi, n'insinga zigenzura.
4. Gupima Ibipimo: Gupima ibikoresho by'igenzura (voltmeter, frequency meter, isaha meter, nibindi) kugira ngo ubone imiterere nyayo.
5. Gerageza Imikorere Yikora: Ku bikoresho byikora, gerageza urutonde rwa "Gutangira Kwikora ku Gutsindwa kwa Mains, Kwimura Kwikora, Gufunga Kwikora ku Gusubiza Mains".
6. Suzuma Sisitemu yo Gusohora Imyuka: Reba niba hari aho amazi yamenetse mu cyuma gifunga impumuro n'imiyoboro, kandi urebe neza ko ibikoresho bishyigikiwe neza.

VI. Ibigomba kwitabwaho byihariye ku bijyanye no kubika ibintu igihe kirekire

Niba icyuma gitanga umuriro kidakora igihe kirekire, ni ngombwa kugibungabunga neza:

1. Sisitemu ya lisansi: Uzuza ikigega cya lisansi kugira ngo wirinde ko amazi yagwa. Shyiramo ikintu gikomeza lisansi kugira ngo wirinde ko mazutu yangirika.
2. Moteri: Shyira amavuta make muri za silindiri ukoresheje umwuka ujyana moteri hanyuma uyikubite inshuro nyinshi kugira ngo utwikire inkuta za silindiri n'agapfukamunwa k'amavuta gakingira.
3. Uburyo bwo gukonjesha: Kuramo amazi mu gikoresho gikonjesha niba hari ibyago byo gukonjesha, cyangwa ukoreshe anti-konjesha.
4. Bateri: Kuramo icyuma cya negatif. Shyira umuriro wose kuri bateri hanyuma uyibike ahantu hakonje kandi humutse. Ongeramo umuriro buri gihe (urugero, buri mezi atatu). Byaba byiza uyishyire kuri charger ya float/trickle.
5. Gukangura moteri mu buryo busanzwe: Gukangura moteri n'intoki (hindura icyuma gikangura moteri) buri kwezi kugira ngo wirinde ko ibice byayo byafatwa n'ingese.

Incamake: Gahunda yo Koroshya Imitangire y'Isuku

Icyibandwaho cya nyuma: Gukoresha ikizamini cyashyizwemo umuriro ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kugenzura ubuzima bw'imashini yawe ikora amashanyarazi. Ntukigere uyitangira gusa ngo uyireke idakora iminota mike mbere yo kuyifunga. Inyandiko irambuye yo kubungabunga ni yo nzira yo kwemeza ko isoko y'amashanyarazi yawe yihutirwa ari ingenzi.