Nigute ushobora guhitamo umutwaro wibinyoma kuri data center ya generator yashizweho

Guhitamo umutwaro wibinyoma kuri data center ya moteri ya mazutu yashizweho ningirakamaro, kuko bigira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye kwizerwa rya sisitemu yububiko. Hasi, nzatanga ubuyobozi bwuzuye bukubiyemo amahame yibanze, ibipimo byingenzi, ubwoko bwimitwaro, intambwe zo guhitamo, hamwe nibikorwa byiza.

1. Amahame yo guhitamo

Intego yibanze yumutwaro wibinyoma nukwigana umutwaro nyawo wo kwipimisha byuzuye no kwemeza moteri ya mazutu yashizweho, ukemeza ko ishobora guhita ifata umutwaro wose uremereye mugihe habaye ikibazo cyamashanyarazi. Intego zihariye zirimo:

1. Gutwika ububiko bwa Carbone: Kwiruka ku mutwaro muke cyangwa nta mutwaro bitera ibintu “bitose bitose” muri moteri ya mazutu (lisansi idatwikwa na karubone birundanya muri sisitemu yo kuzimya). Umutwaro wikinyoma urashobora kuzamura ubushyuhe bwa moteri nigitutu, gutwika neza ibyo wabitswe.
2. Kugenzura Imikorere: Kugerageza niba imikorere y'amashanyarazi ya generator yashizweho - nk'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi, umuvuduko uhoraho, kugoreka imivurungano (THD), no kugenzura amashanyarazi - biri mumipaka yemewe.
3. Kwipimisha Ubushobozi bw'Umutwaro: Kugenzura ko amashanyarazi ashobora gukora neza ku mbaraga zagenwe no gusuzuma ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukemura ibibazo bitunguranye no kwangwa.
4. Kwipimisha Sisitemu Kwishyira hamwe: Gukora komisiyo ihuriweho na ATS (Automatic Transfer Switch), sisitemu igereranya, hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura kugirango sisitemu yose ikorere hamwe.

2. Ibipimo by'ingenzi n'ibitekerezo

Mbere yo guhitamo umutwaro wibinyoma, generator ikurikira hamwe nibipimo bisabwa bigomba gusobanurwa:

1. Imbaraga zagereranijwe (kW / kVA): Imbaraga zose zumutwaro wikinyoma zigomba kuba zirenze cyangwa zingana nimbaraga zose zapimwe za generator yashizweho. Mubisanzwe birasabwa guhitamo 110% -125% byingufu zashyizweho kugirango zemererwe gupima ubushobozi burenze.
2. Umuvuduko nicyiciro: Ugomba guhuza ingufu za generator zisohoka (urugero, 400V / 230V) nicyiciro (ibyiciro bitatu-bine-wire).
3. Inshuro (Hz): 50Hz cyangwa 60Hz.
4. Uburyo bwo guhuza: Bizahuza gute nibisohoka bya generator? Mubisanzwe kumanuka wa ATS cyangwa ukoresheje ikizamini cyabigenewe cyabigenewe.
5. Uburyo bukonje:
   • Ubukonje bwo mu kirere: Bikwiranye nimbaraga nke kandi ziciriritse (mubisanzwe munsi ya 1000kW), igiciro gito, ariko urusaku, numwuka ushushe ugomba kuba unaniwe neza mubyumba byibikoresho.
   • Gukonjesha Amazi: Bikwiranye nimbaraga ziciriritse kugeza hejuru, ituje, ikora neza, ariko bisaba uburyo bwo gukonjesha amazi (gukonjesha umunara cyangwa gukonjesha byumye), bigatuma ishoramari ryambere ryambere.
6. Igenzura na Automation Urwego:
   • Igenzura ryibanze: Intoki zipakurura / gupakurura.
   • Igenzura ryubwenge: Porogaramu ishobora kwipakurura byikora (gupakira ibicuruzwa, gupakira intambwe), kugenzura-igihe no kwandika ibipimo nka voltage, amashanyarazi, ingufu, inshuro, umuvuduko wamavuta, ubushyuhe bwamazi, no gutanga raporo yikizamini. Ibi nibyingenzi muburyo bwo kubahiriza amakuru no kugenzura.

3. Ubwoko Bwingenzi Bwimitwaro Yibinyoma

1. Umutwaro urwanya (Umutwaro ufatika P)

• Ihame: Guhindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi mubushyuhe, zikwirakwizwa nabafana cyangwa gukonjesha amazi.
• Ibyiza: Imiterere yoroshye, igiciro gito, kugenzura byoroshye, itanga imbaraga zikora neza.
• Ibibi: Irashobora kugerageza gusa imbaraga zikora (kW), ntishobora kugerageza imbaraga za generator (kvar) ubushobozi bwo kugenzura.
• Ikoreshwa rya Porogaramu: Ahanini ikoreshwa mugupima moteri (gutwikwa, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko), ariko ikizamini nticyuzuye.

2. Umutwaro udasanzwe (Umutwaro wuzuye Q)

• Ihame: Koresha inductors kugirango ukoreshe imbaraga zidasanzwe.
• Ibyiza: Irashobora gutanga umutwaro udasanzwe.
• Ibibi: Ntabwo bisanzwe bikoreshwa wenyine, ahubwo bihujwe n'imitwaro irwanya.

3. Gukomatanya Kurwanya / Gukora Umutwaro (R + L Umutwaro, utanga P na Q)

• Ihame: Ihuza amabanki arwanya amabanki na reaktor, yemerera kugenzura kwigenga cyangwa guhuriza hamwe kugenzura imitwaro ikora kandi ikora.
• Ibyiza: Igisubizo cyatoranijwe kubigo byamakuru. Irashobora kwigana imizigo ivanze, igerageza byimazeyo imikorere rusange ya generator, harimo AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator) na sisitemu ya guverineri.
• Ibibi: Igiciro cyinshi kuruta imitwaro irwanya.
• Icyitonderwa cyo gutoranya: Witondere imbaraga zacyo zishobora guhinduka (PF), mubisanzwe bikenera guhinduka kuva 0.8 gutinda (inductive) kugeza 1.0 kugirango bigereranye imiterere yimitwaro itandukanye.

4. Umutwaro wa elegitoroniki

• Ihame: Koresha ingufu za electronics power kugirango ukoreshe ingufu cyangwa uyigaburire kuri gride.
• Ibyiza: Kugenzura neza, kugenzura byoroshye, ubushobozi bwo kuvugurura ingufu (kuzigama ingufu).
• Ibibi: Birahenze cyane, bisaba abakozi bashinzwe ubuhanga buhanitse, kandi ubwizerwe bwabwo bukeneye kwitabwaho.
• Icyerekezo cyo gusaba: Birakwiriye muri laboratoire cyangwa inganda zikora kuruta kubizamini byo kubungabunga ibibanza.

Umwanzuro: Kubigo byamakuru, hashobora gutoranywa «Combined Resistive / Reactive (R + L) Umutwaro Wibinyoma» hamwe nubwenge bwikora bwikora.

4. Incamake yintambwe zo gutoranya

1. Menya Ibisabwa Ibizamini: Nibigeragezo byo gutwikwa gusa, cyangwa birakenewe icyemezo cyuzuye cyo gukora? Raporo yikizamini cyikora irakenewe?
2. Kusanya Generator Gushiraho Ibipimo: Andika imbaraga zose, voltage, inshuro, hamwe na interineti ya generator zose.
3. Menya Ubwoko bw'imizigo Ibinyoma: Hitamo R + L, ifite ubwenge, ikonjesha amazi umutwaro wibinyoma (keretse imbaraga ari nto cyane kandi bije ni nto).
4. Kubara Ububasha Bwimbaraga: Ubushobozi Bwuzuye Bwuzuye Imizigo = Imbaraga nini nini imwe × 1.1 (cyangwa 1.25). Niba ugerageza sisitemu ibangikanye, ubushobozi bugomba kuba ≥ imbaraga zose zingana.
5. Hitamo uburyo bukonje:
   • Imbaraga nyinshi (> 800kW), ibikoresho bike byicyumba umwanya, kumva urusaku: Hitamo gukonjesha amazi.
   • Imbaraga nke, ingengo yimishinga, umwanya uhagije wo guhumeka: Gukonjesha ikirere birashobora gutekerezwa.
6. Suzuma Sisitemu yo Kugenzura:
   • Ugomba gushyigikira intambwe yikora kugirango wigane ibikorwa byukuri.
   • Ugomba kuba ushobora kwandika no gusohora raporo yikizamini gisanzwe, harimo umurongo wibintu byose byingenzi.
   • Imigaragarire ishyigikira kwishyira hamwe nubuyobozi bwububiko cyangwa sisitemu yo gucunga ibikorwa remezo (DCIM)?
7. Tekereza kuri mobile na installation ihamye:
   • Kwishyiriraho neza: Yashyizwe mucyumba cyabigenewe cyangwa muri kontineri, nkigice cyibikorwa remezo. Gukoresha insinga zihamye, kugerageza byoroshye, kugaragara neza. Guhitamo byatoranijwe kubigo binini byamakuru.
   • Terefone igendanwa-Yashizweho: Yashyizwe kuri trailer, irashobora gutanga amakuru menshi cyangwa ibice byinshi. Igiciro cyambere cyambere, ariko kubohereza biragoye, kandi umwanya wo kubika hamwe nibikorwa byo guhuza birakenewe.

5. Imyitozo myiza nibyifuzo

• Teganya Igeragezwa: Mbere-yogushushanya ibinyoma byipimisha ibizamini muri sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza ingufu kugirango ibizamini bihuze neza, byoroshye, kandi bisanzwe.
• Cooling Solution: Niba amazi akonje, menya neza ko amazi akonje yizewe; niba ikirere gikonje, kigomba gushushanya imiyoboro ikwiye kugirango wirinde umwuka ushushe gusubira mucyumba cyibikoresho cyangwa bigira ingaruka ku bidukikije.
• Umutekano Icyambere: Imizigo itari yo itanga ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane. Bagomba kuba bafite ingamba zumutekano nko kurinda ubushyuhe burenze na buto yo guhagarika byihutirwa. Abakoresha bakeneye amahugurwa yumwuga.
• Kwipimisha bisanzwe: Ukurikije Ikigo cya Uptime, Ibipimo byicyiciro, cyangwa ibyifuzo byabashinzwe gukora, mubisanzwe bikoresha buri kwezi bitarenze 30% byapimwe, kandi bigakora ikizamini cyuzuye buri mwaka. Umutwaro wibinyoma nigikoresho cyingenzi cyo kuzuza iki gisabwa.

Icyifuzo cya nyuma:
Kubigo byamakuru bikurikirana kuboneka cyane, ikiguzi ntigomba kubikwa kumutwaro wibinyoma. Gushora imari ihamye, ifite ubunini buhagije, R + L, ubwenge, gukonjesha amazi sisitemu yo kubeshya ni ishoramari rikenewe kugirango habeho kwizerwa kwa sisitemu ikomeye. Ifasha kumenya ibibazo, gukumira ibitagenze neza, kandi yujuje imikorere, kubungabunga, no kugenzura ibisabwa binyuze muri raporo y'ibizamini byuzuye.